Last week we discussed Capt. “Sully” Sullenberger and “The Miracle on the Hudson.” In resilience engineering there is a constant search for the character traits one must possess to be successful when dealing with complex socio-technical interfaces, which are increasingly becoming the norm. In line with the speed with which decisions have to be made in foggy situations it seems appropriate to have a checklist. I love checklists. When done correctly they serve two functions simultaneously: setting the right frame of mind and helping establish a focus on successful behaviors.
A checklist can also help during more mundane times such as trying to get back to sleep (or maybe just GET to sleep) at 2 AM when your head is spinning because of a challenging project. Below are two checklists that may help in terms of those specific behaviors and attitudes.
What Makes For a Good Pilot?
The civil aviation authority in France has published a list of capabilities pilots feel are essential for effective execution in complex situations:
- Be able to construct and maintain an adequate distributed mental representation of the situation.
- Be able to assess risk and threats as relevant for the flight.
- Assess one’s self-proficiency envelope, know the boundaries, and adapt one’s tactics and strategies accordingly.
- Be able to switch from a situation under control, to a crisis situation.
- Be able to construct and maintain a relevant level of confidence towards self, others, and the technology involved.
- Be able to learn, implement and maintain routines and skills associated with basic flight functions (fly, navigate, communicate).
- Be able to contribute to decision-making in complex, uncertain environments.
- Manage interactions with aircraft automated systems.
- Know, understand, and be able to speak aviation jargon.
- Manage interactions with, and cooperate with, crewmembers and other staff.
- Make intelligent usage of procedures.
- Use available technical and human resources, and reconfigure as needed.
- Be aware of time and time pressure.
- Properly transfer acquired knowledge and know-how from specific context to a different one.
- Properly use and maintain information and communication technology equipment.
Another way to look at this from a purely psychological perspective is to have the following traits:
- When under pressure acknowledge your feelings and then focus on the work at hand. Emotionality leads to out of control behavior of simply freezing up.
- See through the situation to success. Stay focused on the long haul.
- Look. Let go of projections. Simply see what is there and understand the trends.
- Decide how much you believe in yourself and whether or not that is sufficient to maintain your leadership position.
- Practice humility. This means knowing what you can and can’t do…which leads to the next point.
- Learn how to ask for help. The goal is to get the job done rather than being Superman or Wonder Woman.
- Let people know you see them and need their help. Practice empathy and address people as they are. If it’s details they like then give them details. If there is a need for the overall picture then paint the picture (time permitting).
- Stay positive while admitting difficulties are present. To paraphrase Andy Groves when asked if all could be lost if the next generation chip failed, “Yes. Keep moving. We can make it.”
Again, these are checklists — mirrors. When having a hard time go through and see where you are working well and where things could improve. Use the results to drive the next day’s agenda. This is probably preaching to the choir but bears repeating: by having the right attitude, knowing where to focus, asking the right questions, and risking action leadership emerges.
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